ĐỀ CHÍNH THỨC

(Học sinh làm bài vào Phiếu trả lời.)

Đề thi có 10 trang. Thí sinh kiểm tra số trang trước khi làm bài.

Thí sinh được nghe 2 lần mỗi phần.

Thí sinh không được sử dụng bất cứ tài liệu nào.

Giám thị không giải thích gì thêm.

I. LISTENING: (50 points)

SECTION 1. Listen to the recording and answer questions 1 to question 5.

1. What does Frank say about the children he teaches?

2. What makes Frank interested in teaching adults?

3. What is Frank’s greatest weakness?

4. What did Dr. Lindsey say about her university study?

5. How was Dr. Lindsey’s first term at university?

SECTION 2. Listen and fill in the blank with NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS.

6. Elephants are noted for their enormous size, intelligence, and strong ______.

7. The ______ African elephants can weigh up to 6,000 kilograms.

8. Despite their size, elephants are gentle ______, eating up to ______ of food daily.

9. They are capable of recognizing themselves in mirrors, a sign of ______ awareness.

10. In the wild, elephants display emotional depth by ______ the death of family members.

11. They live in tight-knit ______ groups, led by a matriarch, usually the oldest female.

12. The matriarch uses her knowledge to guide the ______ to water sources, food locations, and safe migration routes, and helps solve problems.

13. Elephants communicate through various vocalizations, including trumpets, rumbles, and ______ sounds.

14. ______ are being made to protect elephants and provide safe environments for them.

SECTION 3. Listen and fill in the blank with NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS.

16. People usually identify as either early birds or night owls. Morning people tend to be more ______ and ______ while night owls show creative strengths.

17. Night owls may struggle with poor attention rates, ______ and daytime fatigue.

18. Our ______ are affected by light exposure, too. The sleep hormone, melatonin, is naturally produced in darkness, but ______ when there is light.

19. Early risers may perform more ______ but night owls process information more speedily and have faster ______.

20. However, morning people are less likely to suffer from ______ or addictive behaviors.

21. Our sleep patterns will also be largely affected by our age, our work or our ______.

22. Forcing night owls to become early birds can have negative effects such as weight gain, ______ and create irritation or frustration while letting people follow natural sleep patterns can help them perform better.

II. READING (50 points)

For questions 26–35, read the text below and complete the questions.

26. The anger that descends ______ people when they get behind the steering wheel of a car used to be ______ as a joke.

27. But the laughter is getting noticeably quieter ______ the problem has become increasingly widespread.

28. Stuck in a traffic jam, with family cars inching their way past, the driver of fast sports car begins to lose his temper. Despite the ______ of his car, there is nothing he can do. The outcome is anger.

29. Psychologists suggest that this frustration ______ from a sense of entitlement and competition on the road.

30. Many drivers believe they deserve to move faster than others, especially if they are in a hurry. When obstacles, such as traffic congestion or slow drivers, prevent them from doing so, they feel personally attacked. This ______ leads to impulsive reactions like honking, tailgating, or even aggressive shouting.

31. In extreme cases, minor inconveniences escalate into serious confrontations, endangering everyone involved. Many people live in ______ of losing control.

32. This is true of many situations but driving is a good example. Drivers often worry that their car won’t start, could break down, or might be hit by another vehicle. Even before anything goes wrong, they build up a sense of anxiety, imagining ______ scenarios.

33. As a result, when a problem does arise, their stress levels peak, leading to an overreaction. In fact, it is their very anxiety about losing control that makes them lose control.

34. This isn’t to say that all offenders have psychological problems or drive powerful sports cars. In fact, most of them are ______ ordinary human beings who have no history of violence.

35. There is clearly something deep in our nature that ______ when we start up a car engine.

For questions 36–45, read the following text and then choose the best phrase or clause given below it to fill each gap.
SECTION 3. Listen and fill in the blank with NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS.

16. People usually identify as either early birds or night owls. Morning people tend to be more ______ and ______ while night owls show creative strengths.

17. Night owls may struggle with poor attention rates, ______ and daytime fatigue.

18. Our ______ are affected by light exposure, too. The sleep hormone, melatonin, is naturally produced in darkness, but ______ when there is light.

19. Early risers may perform more ______ but night owls process information more speedily and have faster ______.

20. However, morning people are less likely to suffer from ______ or addictive behaviors.

21. Our sleep patterns will also be largely affected by our age, our work or our ______.

22. Forcing night owls to become early birds can have negative effects such as weight gain, ______ and create irritation or frustration while letting people follow natural sleep patterns can help them perform better.

II. READING (50 points)

For questions 26–35, read the text below and complete the questions.

26. The anger that descends ______ people when they get behind the steering wheel of a car used to be ______ as a joke.

27. But the laughter is getting noticeably quieter ______ the problem has become increasingly widespread.

28. Stuck in a traffic jam, with family cars inching their way past, the driver of fast sports car begins to lose his temper. Despite the ______ of his car, there is nothing he can do. The outcome is anger.

29. Psychologists suggest that this frustration ______ from a sense of entitlement and competition on the road.

30. Many drivers believe they deserve to move faster than others, especially if they are in a hurry. When obstacles, such as traffic congestion or slow drivers, prevent them from doing so, they feel personally attacked. This ______ leads to impulsive reactions like honking, tailgating, or even aggressive shouting.

31. In extreme cases, minor inconveniences escalate into serious confrontations, endangering everyone involved. Many people live in ______ of losing control.

32. This is true of many situations but driving is a good example. Drivers often worry that their car won’t start, could break down, or might be hit by another vehicle. Even before anything goes wrong, they build up a sense of anxiety, imagining ______ scenarios.

33. As a result, when a problem does arise, their stress levels peak, leading to an overreaction. In fact, it is their very anxiety about losing control that makes them lose control.

34. This isn’t to say that all offenders have psychological problems or drive powerful sports cars. In fact, most of them are ______ ordinary human beings who have no history of violence.

35. There is clearly something deep in our nature that ______ when we start up a car engine.

For questions 36–45, read the following text and then choose the best phrase or clause given below it to fill each gap.

Gardening is a hobby that has been enjoyed by people for centuries. It involves cultivating and nurturing plants, both edible and ornamental, in a designated space. 36. ______ Gardening is actually quite complex, requiring knowledge of soil types, watering schedules, and plant care, among other things. However, the benefits of gardening are numerous and 37. ______

One of the most obvious benefits of gardening is the physical activity it provides. Digging, planting, weeding, and watering are all activities that require movement and can 38. ______ Gardening can be a great form of exercise, helping to build strength, increase flexibility, and improve cardiovascular health. In addition, being outdoors and getting fresh air and sunlight can 39. ______

Another benefit of gardening is its therapeutic value. Many people find that spending time in the garden is a great way to reduce stress and anxiety. Gardening provides an opportunity to disconnect from the stresses of everyday life and 40. ______ Studies have also shown that 41. ______ a hormone associated with stress. Watching plants grow can boost overall well-being.

42. ______ gardening can also be a sustainable and environmentally friendly activity. Growing your own food can reduce your carbon footprint and 43. ______ In addition, planting native species can help to support local ecosystems and biodiversity.

44. ______ For those who are new to gardening, it is important to start small and choose plants that are easy to grow and maintain. It is also important to research the specific needs of each plant, including soil type, watering requirements, and sunlight exposure. With a little patience and dedication, 45. ______

• A. Additionally, gardening can be a meditative and stress-reducing activity

• B. Although it may seem like an effortless activity

• C. In addition to its physical and mental health benefits

• D. also boost mood and energy levels

• E. help to improve overall physical health

• F. gardening can be a rewarding and enjoyable hobby that benefits both body and mind

• G. In addition to promoting environmental awareness and sustainability practices

• H. focus on a calming and rewarding activity

• I. However, gardening does require effort and knowledge

• J. gardening can help to lower levels of cortisol

• K. extend far beyond just growing beautiful plants

• L. gardening can help to reduce the amount of waste sent to landfills

• M. By providing access to fresh, healthy produce

For questions 46–55, read the following passage and choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D) for each of the questions.

(1) In recent years, there has been a surge of information about how buildings affect the environment. Many documents explain and promote green and sustainable design, emphasizing its benefits and warning about the risks of ignoring these issues. However, these resources rarely provide practical guidance for professionals, such as engineers designing mechanical and electrical systems, on how to apply this knowledge in real-life projects.

(2) Although people often use the terms “green” and “sustainable” interchangeably, they do not mean exactly the same thing. While both are related to nature, sustainability focuses on reducing the long-term negative impact of human activities on the environment. Some aspects of green design, like lowering energy consumption and reducing pollution, also contribute to sustainability. However, other green initiatives, such as improving indoor air quality, may not directly affect the environment but are still important for human health.

(3) (I) Many architects support green construction and can provide solid arguments in favor of designing buildings sustainably. (II) There are also numerous architectural firms experienced in green design. (III) The key decision-maker is the building owner, the person funding the project. (IV) If the owner does not prioritize sustainability, it is unlikely to be included in the design.

SECTION 3. Listen and fill in the blank with NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS.

16. People usually identify as either early birds or night owls. Morning people tend to be more ______ and ______ while night owls show creative strengths.

17. Night owls may struggle with poor attention rates, ______ and daytime fatigue.

18. Our ______ are affected by light exposure, too. The sleep hormone, melatonin, is naturally produced in darkness, but ______ when there is light.

19. Early risers may perform more ______ but night owls process information more speedily and have faster ______.

20. However, morning people are less likely to suffer from ______ or addictive behaviors.

21. Our sleep patterns will also be largely affected by our age, our work or our ______.

22. Forcing night owls to become early birds can have negative effects such as weight gain, ______ and create irritation or frustration while letting people follow natural sleep patterns can help them perform better.

II. READING (50 points)

For questions 26–35, read the text below and complete the questions.

26. The anger that descends ______ people when they get behind the steering wheel of a car used to be ______ as a joke.

27. But the laughter is getting noticeably quieter ______ the problem has become increasingly widespread.

28. Stuck in a traffic jam, with family cars inching their way past, the driver of fast sports car begins to lose his temper. Despite the ______ of his car, there is nothing he can do. The outcome is anger.

29. Psychologists suggest that this frustration ______ from a sense of entitlement and competition on the road.

30. Many drivers believe they deserve to move faster than others, especially if they are in a hurry. When obstacles, such as traffic congestion or slow drivers, prevent them from doing so, they feel personally attacked. This ______ leads to impulsive reactions like honking, tailgating, or even aggressive shouting.

31. In extreme cases, minor inconveniences escalate into serious confrontations, endangering everyone involved. Many people live in ______ of losing control.

32. This is true of many situations but driving is a good example. Drivers often worry that their car won’t start, could break down, or might be hit by another vehicle. Even before anything goes wrong, they build up a sense of anxiety, imagining ______ scenarios.

33. As a result, when a problem does arise, their stress levels peak, leading to an overreaction. In fact, it is their very anxiety about losing control that makes them lose control.

34. This isn’t to say that all offenders have psychological problems or drive powerful sports cars. In fact, most of them are ______ ordinary human beings who have no history of violence.

35. There is clearly something deep in our nature that ______ when we start up a car engine.

For questions 36–45, read the following text and then choose the best phrase or clause given below it to fill each gap.

Gardening is a hobby that has been enjoyed by people for centuries. It involves cultivating and nurturing plants, both edible and ornamental, in a designated space. 36. ______ Gardening is actually quite complex, requiring knowledge of soil types, watering schedules, and plant care, among other things. However, the benefits of gardening are numerous and 37. ______

One of the most obvious benefits of gardening is the physical activity it provides. Digging, planting, weeding, and watering are all activities that require movement and can 38. ______ Gardening can be a great form of exercise, helping to build strength, increase flexibility, and improve cardiovascular health. In addition, being outdoors and getting fresh air and sunlight can 39. ______

Another benefit of gardening is its therapeutic value. Many people find that spending time in the garden is a great way to reduce stress and anxiety. Gardening provides an opportunity to disconnect from the stresses of everyday life and 40. ______ Studies have also shown that 41. ______ a hormone associated with stress. Watching plants grow can boost overall well-being.

42. ______ gardening can also be a sustainable and environmentally friendly activity. Growing your own food can reduce your carbon footprint and 43. ______ In addition, planting native species can help to support local ecosystems and biodiversity.

44. ______ For those who are new to gardening, it is important to start small and choose plants that are easy to grow and maintain. It is also important to research the specific needs of each plant, including soil type, watering requirements, and sunlight exposure. With a little patience and dedication, 45. ______

• A. Additionally, gardening can be a meditative and stress-reducing activity

• B. Although it may seem like an effortless activity

• C. In addition to its physical and mental health benefits

• D. also boost mood and energy levels

• E. help to improve overall physical health

• F. gardening can be a rewarding and enjoyable hobby that benefits both body and mind

• G. In addition to promoting environmental awareness and sustainability practices

• H. focus on a calming and rewarding activity

• I. However, gardening does require effort and knowledge

• J. gardening can help to lower levels of cortisol

• K. extend far beyond just growing beautiful plants

• L. gardening can help to reduce the amount of waste sent to landfills

• M. By providing access to fresh, healthy produce

For questions 46–55, read the following passage and choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D) for each of the questions.

(1) In recent years, there has been a surge of information about how buildings affect the environment. Many documents explain and promote green and sustainable design, emphasizing its benefits and warning about the risks of ignoring these issues. However, these resources rarely provide practical guidance for professionals, such as engineers designing mechanical and electrical systems, on how to apply this knowledge in real-life projects.

(2) Although people often use the terms “green” and “sustainable” interchangeably, they do not mean exactly the same thing. While both are related to nature, sustainability focuses on reducing the long-term negative impact of human activities on the environment. Some aspects of green design, like lowering energy consumption and reducing pollution, also contribute to sustainability. However, other green initiatives, such as improving indoor air quality, may not directly affect the environment but are still important for human health.

(3) (I) Many architects support green construction and can provide solid arguments in favor of designing buildings sustainably. (II) There are also numerous architectural firms experienced in green design. (III) The key decision-maker is the building owner, the person funding the project. (IV) If the owner does not prioritize sustainability, it is unlikely to be included in the design.

(4) The commissioning process plays an essential role in making sure the owner’s goals are met in terms of design, cost, and risk. At the pre-design stage, the owner’s expectations and vision are discussed and recorded. This process provides the design team with a clear foundation and serves as a reference point for evaluating different aspects of the project, such as cost, design features, and environmental impact.

(5) Owners who do not follow the commissioning process carefully or fail to consider sustainability often face problems after the building is completed. At first, everything may seem to be working as planned, but over time, issues may arise. They may discover that maintenance and operational costs are higher than expected, and that occupants are dissatisfied with the building’s comfort or efficiency. These problems lead to increased ownership expenses and a greater environmental impact.

(6) In some cases, an owner may already be aware of sustainable building trends, either through personal research or early discussions with professionals. However, companies should not assume that a client has a fixed idea of how environmentally friendly the project should be. The initial meetings between the owner and the design team are a great opportunity to introduce and promote green design options. This can even turn a project that was not originally planned as sustainable into one that incorporates eco-friendly solutions.

(7) When deciding whether to adopt a green approach, owners typically ask about additional costs, return on investment, and how much sustainability should influence design choices. Green design often requires increased collaboration among stakeholders, including owners, designers, contractors, and end-users. This level of cooperation must start early, as sustainability demands input from various disciplines. Naturally, this requires extra coordination and investment, which may concern the owner. It is the project team’s responsibility to assess the owner’s level of commitment to green design and provide appropriate services.

(8) Despite potential initial costs, sustainable design can offer financial advantages. Case studies show that green buildings can reduce long-term expenses related to operations, maintenance, and ownership. Additionally, an increasing number of private and public projects that incorporate sustainability or low-emission solutions, making green design a financially viable option.

46. The writer’s main purpose is to

47. The examples of green and sustainable designs given in paragraph 2 show that

48. Where in paragraph 3 does this sentence belong: “However, this is not enough to ensure that sustainable buildings become the norm”?

49. Which of the following best paraphrases the sentence: “The commissioning process plays an essential role in making sure the owner’s goals are met in terms of design, cost, and risk.”

50. What happens if an owner skips the commissioning process?

51. How can early discussions between owners and designers influence sustainability?

52. Why is early collaboration between stakeholders necessary in green design?

53. What is the project team’s role in supporting green design decisions?

54. What is one financial advantage of sustainable buildings?

55. According to the passage, all of the following are potential benefits of sustainable buildings EXCEPT:

For questions 56 – 65, read the following passage and complete the questions below.

(1) Mass media, which includes television, radio, newspapers, and the internet, has greatly influenced the entertainment industry. With the development of digital technology and the expansion of the internet, the way people access entertainment has changed significantly. These changes have affected both the content itself and how it is delivered to audiences.

(2) One major effect of mass media on entertainment is the ability for anyone to create and share content. In the past, large studios and networks controlled what people could watch or listen to. Today, platforms such as YouTube, TikTok, and streaming services let independent creators share their work with the world. As a result, entertainment has become more diverse, and people from different backgrounds can express their ideas and experiences.

(3) Mass media has also contributed to the globalization of entertainment. Music, films, and TV shows from different countries can now reach international audiences quickly. This exchange has led to new styles and genres, making entertainment more dynamic. A clear example of this is the worldwide success of K-pop, which has gained millions of fans outside South Korea thanks to social media and online streaming.

(4) Social media has also changed how people interact with entertainment. Platforms like Instagram and Twitter allow fans to communicate directly with their favorite artists, creating a stronger connection between them. Additionally, viral trends on social media influence what becomes popular, affecting how content is produced and marketed. Entertainment companies now focus on interactive marketing to attract and engage audiences.

For questions 56–60, complete the summary with the correct words or phrases.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.
You may have to change the form of the words or phrases.

Mass media, including television, radio, newspapers, and the internet, has significantly transformed the entertainment industry. The rise of digital technology and the internet has changed how people access and consume content. One key impact is that 56. ______ can now share their work through platforms like YouTube and TikTok, facilitating 57. ______. Additionally, entertainment has become global, as seen in K-pop’s 58. ______. Social media strengthens audience interaction and also influences trends. However, the focus on popular content may lead to challenges such as 59. ______. Overall, entertainment has become more accessible and diverse; there are difficulties that require thoughtful 60. ______ from creators.

Choose FIVE headings from the box for paragraphs 1 to 5 in the text and write the correct letter, A–H, next to Questions 61–65.

Paragraph — Question
1 — 61. ______
2 — 62. ______
3 — 63. ______
4 — 64. ______
5 — 65. ______

For questions 66–75, read the text and think of a word which best fits each gap. Use only ONE word for each gap.

(66) Androids are robots that closely resemble people, and some are so realistic that you might 66. ______ them for humans if you don’t pay attention! A Geminoid is a special type of android that doesn’t just broadly resemble a human; it is meant to look like a specific person. Although a Geminoid might look like a person, it doesn’t yet have the brains to behave like one. 67. ______ it is controlled remotely, or pre-programmed to display simple behaviour.

Making a robot look like a person takes the work of an artist. To make the Geminoid F, researchers had to first measure the features of a woman using a 3-D scanner. They then produce a 68. ______ model of the woman’s face, which was then used to cast a silicone face for the robot with identical features. A lot of robots are made of hard materials, but the skin on the Geminoid F’s face and body is 69. ______ and flexible. Her silicone skin is one of the features that makes the Geminoid F seem so real. Another feature that helps to make the Geminoid F seem real is the way she 70. ______. She blinks, twitches, and smiles almost like a real person.

The Geminoid F can be programmed to act out a simple “routine,” or it can be controlled at a distance. The person 71. ______ the Geminoid F sits in front of a webcam that captures their facial expression, orientation, and speech. This information is then translated to robot 72. ______ that are sent to the robot over the Internet. The Geminoid F was designed to travel so that it could go to science museums, demonstrations and labs around the world. She has been used for entertainment and so on.

The Geminoid F is 73. ______ limited in its ability to behave autonomously, since a human must usually control it remotely. Because the goal was to make a robot that was easy to transport, the Geminoid F doesn’t have all the motion capabilities that some 74. ______ robots have; it can’t move its arms or legs, for instance. The Geminoid F also needs special external equipment, such as an air pump to 75. ______ the robot’s motors and a computer responsible for sending it commands.

III. COMMUNICATION (5 points)

Choose FIVE answers from the box and write the correct letter, A–J, next to Questions 76–80.

Emma: I’ve been feeling so much pressure from school. There’s always homework, exams, and projects.
Nina: 76. ______
Alan: And on top of that, parents expect us to be responsible and make the right decisions all the time.
Emma: 77. ______
Nina: Social media is worrying, too. Everyone seems to have a perfect life online. 78. ______
Alan: We have to remember that some people only show the best parts of their lives. Reality is different.
Emma: 79. ______
Nina: I think we should focus more on our real goals instead of what others are doing.
Alan: We also talk to our parents about our problems. 80. ______
Emma: Absolutely. We all have difficulties, sharing and supporting make things easier.

IV. GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY (55 points)

Choose the best word or phrase (A, B, C or D) to fill in each blank.

81. The lowering of interest rates will give a much-needed ______ to the economy.

82. Our team ______ more aggressively; we lost the match by just one goal.

83. They live in a ______ house near the lake.

84. Oh, I completely forgot ______ your plants while you were away.

85. The fact that they were running out of money was a/an ______ in the room that no one wanted to discuss.

86. Maybe young people would be ______ these days if there were more discipline in school.

87. Let the documents ______ before the deadline arrives tomorrow.

88. They’ve both had knee injuries, but the two friends ______ light of their weaknesses.

89. I ______ malaria when I was on an expedition down the river Congo.

90. ______ the company now, they would struggle to replace her.

91. It remains ______ how many senior citizens will actually benefit from this new plan.

92. Children often form a strong ______ to their favourite stuffed animals.

93. We applied our minds ______ a solution to our problem.

94. Computer viruses are small programs; they ______ by attaching a copy of themselves to another program.

95. Arrange the following sentences into the correct order:

96. It seems that people find it easier to find ______ with ideas than to build them up into something better.

97. I ______ recommend that you take a tour of the city before you leave.

98. She has been an/a ______ advocate of women’s rights throughout her life.

99. ______ to media violence can result in tendencies for aggressive behaviors among some people.

100. Central to the theory ______ the concepts of motivation and self-regulation.

101. You should get at least 8 hours sleep each night, ______ you will feel tired.

102. Her academic performance this semester has been ______ expectations.

103. ______ environmental concerns, the new plan is much more sustainable.

104. Fish and chips ______ a classic British dish that ______ been enjoyed for generations.

105. Kids nowadays are ______ watching YouTube videos instead of reading books.

106. You can stay here ______, but you’ll have to move out when you find your own place.

107. The university provides a financial ______ specifically designed to support low-income students who may face challenges in covering the costs of their education.

108. ______ time when he came home safely, he recited to us the events of the day.

109. The average time for each vehicle to cross the junction fell from 50 seconds to 30 seconds despite a rise in the ______ of traffic.

110. Freelancing is great, but my ______ comes from my full-time job.

111. I think we should go over and ______ our respects to the new neighbours and make them feel welcome to the area!

112. I know you meant well, but I would sooner you ______ honest with me from the start.

113. Watson always wanted to learn French but never ______ taking classes because of his busy schedule.

114. After weeks of negotiations, the deal was finally signed, and we’re ______.

115. Innovative teaching methods can ______ a greater interest in learning among students.

The passage below contains 05 mistakes. Write the mistakes and their correct forms in the space provided in the column on the right. (0) has been done as an example.

Fire drills are an essential part of staying safely at school, helping you prepare for an emergency. But what if a fire started at home? Would you know what to do? While thinking about fires can be scared, being prepared can help you feel more confident and less afraid.

It’s important for families to discuss what to do in case of a fire. Families should discuss escaping plans tailored to their homes, if a single-story house or a tall apartment building. Start by identifying possible exits and escape routes. Since smoke can make it difficult to see, knowing your way out in advance is crucial.

Consider to draw a map of your home with all possible exits. Since one route might be blocked by fire or smoke, it’s essential to have backup options. If you live in an apartment, make sure you know the best way to reach to the stairwell or emergency exits.

Supply the appropriate form of the words in brackets.

Scholarships provide financial support to students who demonstrate academic excellence, (121) ______ (LEAD) skills, or financial need. They are awarded by universities, governments, private organizations, and charitable (122) ______ (FIND) to help students pursue higher education without the burden of excessive debt. Scholarships can be merit-based, need-based, or awarded for specific talents, such as sports, arts, or community service. Receiving a scholarship is not only a financial relief but also a (123) ______ (RECOGNIZE) of a student’s dedication and achievements.

In many cases, scholarships require (124) ______ (APPLY) to submit essays, recommendation letters, or proof of academic performance. Some scholarships are highly competitive, requiring students to meet strict (125) ______ (ELIGIBLE) criteria and maintain strong academic records.

126. Others are more ______ (ATTAIN), focusing on personal motivation and potential. Regardless of the type, scholarships open doors to quality education, allowing students to study at ______ (RANK) institutions they might not otherwise afford.

127. Moreover, scholarships encourage students to work hard and remain ______ (COMMIT) to their goals. They also promote diversity by supporting individuals from ______ (REPRESENT) backgrounds. Ultimately, scholarships contribute to social mobility, ______ (ABLE) talented students to reach their full potential and make meaningful contributions to society. Therefore, applying for scholarships is a crucial step for those seeking to further their education and achieve academic success.

V. WRITING (40 points)

Part 1: Finish the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first one, using the given word. Do not change the given word. Use NO MORE THAN 5 WORDS. Write the answers (NO MORE THAN 5 WORDS) on your answer sheet.

Example:
I regret not speaking to Felix sooner. (HAD)
→ I wish I ______ sooner.
Answer: had spoken to Felix

131. There had been rumors of a possible merger between the two companies. (HAD)

     → It ______ the two companies were planning to merge.

132. Unlike small companies, large corporations don’t adapt quickly to change. (LESS)

     → Large corporations ______ to change than small companies.

133. “Don’t drive too fast in this weather, or you’ll risk an accident,” the police officer told the driver. (DRIVING)

     → The police officer advised ______ too fast in the bad weather.

134. It’s very unlikely that she will be chosen for the team. (CHANCE)

     → There is very little ______ for the team.

135. The government should prioritize education when allocating the budget. (GIVE)

     → The government should ______ education when allocating the budget.

136. The decline in face-to-face communication is partly caused by excessive smartphone use. (DUE)

     → The decline in face-to-face communication is partly ______ that people spend too much time on their smartphones.

137. The new traffic law does not reduce the number of accidents. (INEFFECTIVE)

     → The new traffic law is ______ the number of accidents.

138. We were made responsible for managing the customer complaints. (CHARGE)

     → They put us ______ handling customer complaints.

139. John advised his friend never to lend money to unreliable people. (TO)

     → “Under no circumstances ______ to unreliable people,” John advised his friend.

140. Megan declined the invitation to the party because she was feeling a little ill. (UNDER)

     → Megan turned down the party invitation as she was feeling ______.

Part 2: Write an essay of between 200–250 words on the following topic:

Reading is often considered an essential habit for personal growth and academic success. Some argue that reading improves language skills, creativity, and critical thinking, while others believe that digital media and visual content are more engaging and effective for learning.
Discuss both views and give your own opinion. Include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

THE END