LISTENING (4.0 points)

I.  You will hear a high-school student interviewing a doctor as part of his research for a project on sleep. For each question, choose the correct answer among A, B, or C. You will hear the recording twice. (1.5 points)

1. Compared to the past, people now sleep at night .

2. The doctor says a natural pattern of sleep includes .

3. Research has already shown that a lack of sleep can affect teenagers’ .

4. What does the doctor say is to blame for teenagers not getting enough sleep?

5. What advice does the doctor give for teenagers who have trouble getting to sleep?

6. What does the doctor think schools should do?

2. You will hear a woman called Kirsty Willis, who works in a zoo, giving a talk to students about careers with animals. Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS. You will hear the recording twice. (2.5 points)

Careers with animals

• Working in a zoo

You have more chance of getting a job if you have a (7)                                                                          . You will have little (8)                                          with the animals.

You must be good at (9)                                         .

It’s ideal for people who like to have daily (10)                                         .

·       Working in an aquarium

You should be able to handle a (11)                                         .

You will (12)                                          of fish at the end of the day!

·       Working as a vet

Animals often have a (13)                                          attitude towards vets. You need to be able to (14)                                                              well.

·       Working as a trainer

Most opportunities are in (15)                                                                                  . A typical day lasts (16)                                                                                hours.

GRAMMAR, STRUCTURE AND VOCABULARY (6.0 points)

III.  Read the following sentences and then choose the correct answer among A, B, C, or D. (2.0 points)

17. Both parents were unemployed, and the family had a

18. Mary is a talented musician. She the

19. the president of the club yet, she would have taken part in the last meeting

20. as a masterpiece, a work of art must transcend the ideals of the period in which it was

21. Paul realize that he was on the wrong

22. I would prefer to the cinema rather than                      at

23. We could always do the cooking for the party ourselves, but it might be easier if we got a catering service to organize everything.

24. The bicycle I lent Tom had been in good condition, but he returned it in .

IV.  Read the text below and look carefully at each line. Some of the lines are correct, and some have a word which should not be there. If a line is correct, put a stick (√) in the space on the left. If a line has a word which should not be there, write the word in the space on the right. (2.0 points)

Our holiday to Africa began with from a flight to Arusha airport, then a long drive to West Kilimanjaro Camp

– a semi-permanent gathering of explorers – style tents near to the base of the great volcano which teased us with rare glimpses of her snowy summit of which it is 5,895 meters high.

Next, we were taken into the hot African sky by a plane and headed south. Unlike in West Kilimanjaro, there was no human population in the Ruaha other than a building for the park rangers, and four small safari camps. We chose to stay at Mdonya Old River Camp because of it was one that avoids luxuries such as soft beds and woolly towels. To my mind, those could become obstacles which for connecting with nature in the raw. Instead, five of us shared a simple and adequate tent at the edge of a dried-up sand river where there were no fences, distractions or even electricity there.

If there was a disappointment about the wildlife viewing in Tanzania, it was being game drives that were not permitted in any area of the country’s national parks after dusk. But if anything, that made our night-time meeting with the leopard and impala outside our tent even life more special.

2. Read the text Use the word given in capital to form a word that fits in the space provided. (2.0 points)

Machine-made versions spark legislative requirements

Several voice actors sue an artificial intelligence firm for allegedly misusing their sounds to create robotic versions. They have filed a (39. COMPLAIN)                                                    against the artificial intelligence firm and accused it of using theirs to generate AI-based content deceitfully without their (40. INVOLVE)                               . The actors, (41. NARRATE)                                                    their frustration, claim that their voices were made used of and promoted in AI- generated material without their consent. This affair has triggered the serious concerns of (42. COPY)

                     because this is an unpleasant situation of computerized content and its intellectual property rights. The commission responsible for trademark laws now faces the challenging task for legal patents (43. REPRESENT)                      by artificial systems. While artificial technology presents promising opportunities for innovation, its potential poses an increase in the (44. LEGAL)      including legal disputes and reputational damage for content creators. This lawsuit underlines the (45. PRESS)   need for using intellectual technology in content production and a means of protection for the rights and interests of artists and performers by (46. REGULATION)                    guidelines.

READING (6.0 points)

2. Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each (2.0 points)

The Value of Walking

New research reveals that walking just 9.5 kilometers (six miles) a week may keep your brain sharper as you get older. Research published in the October 13 online issue of Neurology suggests that walking may protect aging brains from growing smaller and, in (47)                                                                 , preserve memory in old age.

“Brain size shrinks in late adulthood, which can cause memory problems,” study author Kirk Erickson of the University of Pittsburgh said in a news release. “Our findings should encourage further well-designed scientific

(48)                      of physical exercise in older adults as a very (49)                             approach for preventing dementia and Alzheimer’s disease.” For the study, the team asked 299 dementia-free seniors to record the (50)                     they walked each week.

Four years later, the participants were tested to see if they had developed (51)                                                   of dementia. Then after nine years had passed, scientists scanned the participants’ brains to measure size. At the four-year test, researchers discovered subjects who walked the most had (52)                           their risk of developing memory problems by 50 per cent. At the nine-year checkpoint, those who walked at least 9.5 kilometers a week, had brains with a larger (53)   than those who didn’t walk as much.

This is not the first study to promote the benefits of walking in seniors. For example, last spring, Harvard University found that women who walked regularly at a (54)                                                                                                              pace had an almost 40% lower risk of stroke.

VII.  You are going to read an article about the way to control your device. Choose the best answer for each question. (2.0 points)

A complex but concerning method of gaining control over a user’s iPhone and permanently locking them out of the device appears to be on the rise. Some iPhone thieves are exploiting a security setting, called the recovery key, which makes it nearly impossible for owners to access their photos, messages, data and more, according to a recent Wall Street Journal report. Some victims also told the publication that their bank accounts were drained after the thieves accessed their financial apps. It’s important to note, however, this type of takeover is hard to pull off. It requires a criminal to essentially watch an iPhone user enter the device’s passcode – for example, by looking over their shoulder at a bar or sporting event – or manipulate the device’s owner so they’ll share their passcode. And that’s all before they physically steal the device. From there, a thief could use the passcode to change the device’s Apple ID, turn off “Find my iPhone” so their location can’t be tracked, and then reset the recovery key, a complex 28-digit code intended to protect its owners from online hackers. Apple requires this key to help reset or regain access to an Apple ID in an effort to bolster the user’s security, but if a thief changes it, the original owner will not have the new code and will be locked out of the account. “We sympathize with people who have had this experience and we take all attacks on our users very seriously, no matter how rare,” an Apple spokesperson said in a statement to CNN. “We work tirelessly every day to protect our users’ accounts and data, and are always investigating additional protections against emerging threats like this one.” On its website, Apple warns “you’re responsible for maintaining access to your trusted devices and your recovery key. If you lose both of these items, you could be permanently locked out of your account.” Jeff Pollard, VP and principal analyst at Forrester Research, said the company should offer more customer support options and “ways for Apple users to authenticate so they can reset these settings.”

For now, however, there are a handful of steps users can take to potentially protect themselves from having this happen to them. An Apple spokesperson told CNN people can use Face ID or Touch ID when unlocking their phone in public to avoid revealing their passcode to anyone who might be watching. Users can also set up a longer, alphanumeric passcode that’s harder for bad actors to figure out. Device owners should also change the passcode immediately if they believe someone else has seen it.

Another step someone could consider is a hack not necessarily endorsed by Apple but one that’s been circulating online. Within an iPhone’s Screen Time setting, which allows guardians to set up restrictions on how kids can use the device, there is the option to set up a secondary password that would be required from any user before they could successfully change an Apple ID. By enabling this, a thief would be prompted for that secondary password before changing an Apple ID password.

Finally, users can protect themselves by regularly backing up an iPhone – via iCloud or iTunes – so data can be recovered in the case an iPhone is stolen. At the same time, users may want to consider storing important photos or other sensitive files and data in another cloud service, such as Google Photos, Microsoft OneDrive, Amazon Photos or Dropbox. This won’t stop a bad actor from gaining access to the device, but it should limit some of the fallout if it ever should happen.

(Adapted from CNN – Breaking news on April 23^rd, 2023)

55. What security settings are iPhone thieves exploiting to gain control over users’ devices?

56. According to the passage, what does Apple require the getting back process for?

57. Why is it nearly impossible for owners to access their photos, messages, and data again?

58. What recommendation does Jeff Pollard from Forrester Research have for Apple?

59. How does the passage suggest users protect their passcode from being observed by potential thieves?

60. What is one step users can take to protect themselves from phone theft?

61. What does the passage suggest as a useful way to limit the outbreak?

62. Explain the hack mentioned in the passage regarding setting up a secondary

VIII.  Read the text below and fill in the gap with ONE suitable word.

Self-confidence is the assurance for you to tackle challenges. You can build self-confidence from acknowledging your (63)                                            to focus on areas for improvement. Setting realistic (64)                                         helps to track progress and encourage a sense of achievement step by step. Positive self-talk plays a crucial role in boosting self-confidence, replacing self-doubt with (65)                                                               and encouragement. Surrounding yourself with supportive people will uplift and inspire you because you have to (66)                                                   with obstacles. It’s essential to look after your physical and mental well-being by exercising regularly, eating nourishing foods, and take enough (67)                     . Learning from failures to cultivate a positive (68)                                                                is considered as stepping stones to success. It is never useless to (69)            , grow and fuel your belief in (70)                                                               . In short, self-confidence is nurtured through self-awareness, positive thinking, supportive relationships, and continuous personal growth.

WRITING (4.0 points)

IX.  Complete the second sentence in a way that means the same as the previous one. (1.0 point)

71. It was such a bad concert that we left during the intermission.

-> So                                                                  

72. The number of students applying to this university has increased dramatically. 

-> There                                                                                 

73. I had considered working abroad before leaving university.

-> The idea of                                                                               

74. I found him difficult to work with because he always left things until the last minute.

-> I had difficulty                                                            off until the last minute.

X.  Complete the second sentence in such a way that it has the similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. (1.0 point)

75. Sergei is depressed because the university refused him (DOWN)

-> If the university                                                                         

76. Learning that no one was hurt during the earthquake was a great relief (RELIEVED)

-> We                                                                       

77. “I’m sorry but there’s no way I’m going to sleep on the floor ” said Naomi. (CLEAR)

-> Naomi                                                                    

78. The hotel was terrible, but the wonderful beach didn’t make us disappointed. (FOR)

-> The wonderful beach                                                              the terrible hotel.

XI.  Writing a passage (2.0 points)

It is believed that saying encouraging words to someone not only motivates his life, your life but also contributes to our civilized society. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Write a passage of about 150 words to express your opinion.

THE END